2019年度 センター英語 追試験 第3問A 不要文削除 問題＆解説

2019年8月24日

2020年5月2日

WRITER

しげT

　

この記事を書いている人 - WRITER -

しげT

予備校英語講師歴20年重田真人です。
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2019年度の追試験は本試験よりも解きづらかった印象です。

1. 2019年度 センター英語 追試験 第3問A 不要文削除 問題

1-1 問1

 Silence is more than the lack of sound; it is a vital part of communication. It can show any number of emotions and feelings, including insecurity, familiarity, and superiority. Just like the spoken word, it fulfills the basic functions of language. ①Where it does so most is in the relationships between people. Sometimes, silence is associated with the negative actions of communication and implies anxiety. ②However, it also speaks of friendship, love, and security for people. Good friends can be together and be silent. Another important thing that silence communicates is power. ③It has been used throughout history as a globally accepted sign of one’s good will. Those who are in authority can control speech and silence. ④Some people must remain silent before authority to show their obedience.

1-2 問2

 Why don’t we pay a little more attention to our breathing? Breathing slowly and deeply helps us take in more oxygen. ①According to one study, doing slow breathing exercises, even for a short time, increases oxygen consumption by 37%. Some researchers suggest that slow breathing activates parts of the brain that reduce anxiety. ②Slow breathing could also be a simple solution when people have trouble sleeping. ③With slow, controlled breathing before going to bed, people wake up fewer times during the night. ④When doing slow breathing exercises, we should sit in positions that are comfortable. Several further studies have shown that a nose-breathing technique from yoga can have a lasting effect on reducing one’s blood pressure. We should realize the potential benefits in our unconscious behavior.

1-3 問3

 The size of your vocabulary is a measure of what psychologists call your verbal intelligence. A psychologist in Canada found links between one’s verbal intelligence and the habit of deliberating past problems: The more words you know, the more likely you will be a worrier. ①Human beings express their feelings and emotions to each other through the medium of language. ②People with high verbal intelligence are better able to remember the details of previous experiences and think them through repeatedly. ③A high number of words in your vocabulary bank means you won’t forget about or ignore possible troubles. ④We tend to believe that as the number of words we know increases, our lives will become better. Verbal intelligence, however, seems to be both a blessing and a curse at the same time.

2. 2019年度 センター英語 追試験 第3問A 不要文削除 解説

2-1 第3問A 問1の解説

 Silence is more than the lack of sound; it is a vital part of communication. It can show any number of emotions and feelings, including insecurity, familiarity, and superiority. Just like the spoken word, it fulfills the basic functions of language. ①Where it does so most is in the relationships between people. Sometimes, silence is associated with the negative actions of communication and implies anxiety. ②However, it also speaks of friendship, love, and security for people. Good friends can be together and be silent. Another important thing that silence communicates is power. ③It has been used throughout history as a globally accepted sign of one’s good will. Those who are in authority can control speech and silence. ④Some people must remain silent before authority to show their obedience.

文の主題＝沈黙はコミュニケーション(意思疎通)の重要な部分だ。

①それ(沈黙)が最もそう(言語の基本的な機能を果たしている)なのは、人の人の関係である。

②しかし、それ(沈黙)は人々の友情、愛、安心にについても伝えている。

③それ(沈黙)は世界中で受け入れられる人の善意の印として歴史を通じて使用されてきている。

④一部の人は、自分の服従を示すために権力者の前では黙っていなければならない。

③のみ沈黙とコミュニケーション(意思疎通)について述べられていないのでこれが不正解。

①は前半部分が何を指しているのか分かりにくく、人と人の関係も話題と関係ないと勘違いしやすいが、コミュニケーションは基本的に人の人のやり取りのこと。そもそも自分1人だけだと沈黙は意味を持たない。

④「自分の服従を示すために権力者の前では黙っていなければならない」というと何のことか分かりにくいが、例えば、北朝鮮の党大会では権力者以外の参加者は基本的に無言を貫かねばならないのは良い例。

2-2 第3問A 問2の解説

 Why don’t we pay a little more attention to our breathing? Breathing slowly and deeply helps us take in more oxygen. ①According to one study, doing slow breathing exercises, even for a short time, increases oxygen consumption by 37%. Some researchers suggest that slow breathing activates parts of the brain that reduce anxiety. ②Slow breathing could also be a simple solution when people have trouble sleeping. ③With slow, controlled breathing before going to bed, people wake up fewer times during the night. ④When doing slow breathing exercises, we should sit in positions that are comfortable. Several further studies have shown that a nose-breathing technique from yoga can have a lasting effect on reducing one’s blood pressure. We should realize the potential benefits in our unconscious behavior.

文の主題＝呼吸 (特にゆっくり深く呼吸すること) の効用

①ある研究によると、ゆっくり呼吸して運動すると、短い時間でも酸素消費量が37％増加する。

②ゆっくり呼吸をすることは睡眠障害のある場合の簡単な解決策になりうる。

③寝る前にゆっくりと呼吸を整えると、夜中に起きる回数が少なくなる。

④ゆっくり呼吸して運動する時は、気持ち良い姿勢で座るべきた。

①の酸素消費量増加、②は睡眠障害の解決策、③は夜中に起きる回数が減ると全て呼吸の効用について述べている。④だけ効用に関係ない話なのでこれが正解。

2-3 第3問A 問3の解説

 The size of your vocabulary is a measure of what psychologists call your verbal intelligence. A psychologist in Canada found links between one’s verbal intelligence and the habit of deliberating past problems: The more words you know, the more likely you will be a worrier. ①Human beings express their feelings and emotions to each other through the medium of language. ②People with high verbal intelligence are better able to remember the details of previous experiences and think them through repeatedly. ③A high number of words in your vocabulary bank means you won’t forget about or ignore possible troubles. ④We tend to believe that as the number of words we know increases, our lives will become better. Verbal intelligence, however, seems to be both a blessing and a curse at the same time.

文の主題＝語彙の大きさは言語知能の尺度だ。

①人間は言語を媒介にしてお互いに感情や感性を表現する。

②高い言語的知性を持つ人は、以前の経験の詳細をより思い出し、繰り返し熟慮することができる。

③語彙を積み重ねたものの中に単語数が多いことは、起こりうる困難を忘れたり無視したりしないであろうことを意味する。

④私たちは知っている単語の数が増えると、私たちの生活が良くなると信じる傾向があります。

①は一般論で、主題とは関係ないのでこれが正解。

②は高い言語的知性、③は語彙を積み重ねたもの、④は知っている単語の数が増えるといずれも語彙の大きさに関して述べている。